Talking About The Production Process And Products Of Microfiber Nonwoven Fabric

Microfiber non woven fabrics are new technologies and products that have been developed in recent years. Microfibers are a kind of chemical fiber with very fine fineness of monofilament. There are no standard definitions for fine denier in the world, but fibers with a single filament fineness of less than 0.3 dtex are usually called ultrafine fibers. Microfiber nonwoven fabrics have the following excellent properties:

(1) The texture is light and thin, the hand feels soft and comfortable, and the drape is good;
(2) The diameter of the single fiber is reduced, the specific surface area is increased, the adsorption property is enhanced, and the detergency is improved;
(3) There are many fiber roots per unit area, the fabric density is increased, the warmth is good, and it is waterproof and breathable.

1.2 Production technology of composite microfiber nonwoven filter cloth material. The production process of composite microfiber nonwoven filter cloth is as follows:
Split - type or island - in - the - sea composite fiber → combing → forming a net → acupuncture or spunlace → post-processing ( cracking or dissolving ) → After the fiber of the microfiber nonwoven fabric is opened, the weight is set according to different varieties ( g / m2 ) continuously feed the card, comb the fibers into a net, make a sheet - like non - oriented web, and then enter the needle machine ( or spunlace machine ) for multiple acupuncture ( or spunlace ) Thereby, a nonwoven base fabric having a certain degree of elongation and a certain width is obtained. In the hand, the base fabric made by the spunlace method is softer, but the strength is not as high as that of the needle punching method. From the weight range of the base fabric, the acupuncture method is generally suitable for the production of high - weight products of more than 100 g / m2; the spunlace method has certain difficulties in the production of thick products, the weight is generally in the range of 30 ~ 300 g / m2 Internal adjustment.
The resulting base fabric needs to be post - processed by splitting or dissolving one of the two components of the composite fiber to form an ultrafine fiber nonwoven fabric. For the needle punched nonwoven, a chemical treatment method is generally used. For example, for the PET / PA split - type composite fiber, the alkali reduction method can be used to swell and split the two components. For the PET / PS island - type composite fiber, the PS component can be dissolved with a trichloroethylene solvent to leave the PA ultrafine fiber. Since the split - type composite fiber can utilize the mechanical force of the high - pressure jet of the spunlace to peel off the two components, the web - forming technique and the stripping technique are organically combined in one process, and the web is not damaged like a needle punch, so the method has been show a certain degree of competitiveness. 
1.3 Application of composite microfiber nonwovens: The most successful example of the application of composite microfiber nonwovens is the production of imitation leather products such as artificial suede, synthetic leather and the like. The protein fiber contained in the leather is very fine, and the diameter of the fiber is equivalent to one tenth to a few percent of the ordinary fiber. 
The successful development of suede products is based on the careful analysis of the structure of natural suede and the successful use of composite microfibers. It has been found through research that the natural suede is composed of a colloidal fiber bottom plate and a layer of dense fiber fluff on the surface of the bottom plate.